This article and accompanying videos have inspired a lot of people to bring this idea forward and it is the article that made Rej the developer of Caustic to make the 8-bit synth as well.
It is a new phenomena that only existed since 2011 and was discovered by Ville-Matias Heikkilä and already have a name- Bytebeat.
So look / listen to the videos and if you find any of this interesting you simply have to go to the original article and read on. Maybe it will help you to program Droidbeat or understand the 8-bit synth in Caustic better?
To read the article go here:
http://countercomplex.blogspot.com.es/2011/10/algorithmic-symphonies-from-one-line-of.html
Here is the videos maybe the third one is with more musical harmony.